Thursday, December 26, 2019

Charles Darwin s Theory Of Natural Selection - 1399 Words

Introduction Evolution is defined as a genetic change in a population that is inherited over several generations (thoughtco). Charles Darwin’s theory clearly state that evolution occurs by natural selection. Darwin published a book in 1859 on the origin of species. In the book Darwin talks about the philosophy of natural selection. Natural selection is when a group of species show variation in their physical characters. This is because of the difference in their gene. Charles Darwin proposed that natural selection acts to preserve accumulate minor advantageous genetic mutations (Darwin’s-theory-of-evolution). Evolution can also happen when genes are being transferred from one population to another (palomar.edu/anthro/synthetic/synth),†¦show more content†¦The new colony that has formed is separated from the original population and the same alleles may not be present in the same frequencies as it was in the new colony. The difference between the founder effect and the bottle neck effect is that the both occur in different mechanisms as the founder effect is more of colonisation rather that a catastrophe. The figure below is a great example of how the founder effect occurs. In the figure a population is made up of equal numbers of circles and squares forming a large population, however some of the squares and circles (organisms) later split into different colonies. Second paragraph: Genetic diversity is really important as it helps keep the health and number of a population, by including alleles that can help in resisting diseases or any other defects. Keeping genetic diversity helps the population maintain its strength even if a change occurs, making it able to adapt to new changes easier and faster. In a situation where natural disasters occur, having genetic diversity would be great as it could mean the survival of the population (genetic-diversity-and-evolution). If there wasn’t genetic diversity amongst a population it would create a vulnerability within the species as it allows them to be susceptible to any change in the environment, making it is almost certain that they might leadShow MoreRelatedCharles Darwin And Darwin s Theory Of Natural Selection1489 Words   |  6 Pagesbaffled to discover that this species has been completely altered. This outcome is a direct result of a ubiquitous phenomenon theorized by none other than Charles Darwin, a pr estigious naturalist and biologist. This venerable man was able to unveil many revelations regarding variability through the development of his theory of natural selection (Darwin and Huxley xii). Having an inherent adoration toward nature as a young child likely provided a significant incentive. Though Darwin’s thesis is not immaculateRead MoreCharles Darwin s Theory Of Natural Selection Essay1707 Words   |  7 PagesWhen Charles Darwin first developed his theory of Natural selection, he discovered that â€Å"Individuals in populations vary their â€Å"heritable† traits† (Leicht and McAllister, 2006. p. 157). And that â€Å"if a particular inherited trait confers a higher likelihood of survival and reproduction, individuals with that trait will leave more offspring than other individuals in the population† (Leicht and McAllister, 2006. p.157). With this in mind, during project 3 we took pooled data of the entire class in orderRead MoreCharles Darwin s Theory Of Natural Selection2372 Words   |  10 PagesCharles Darwin in his theory of natural selection said â€Å" the fittest of the fittest will survive,† and year after year China has proven they are the fittest by climbing the economic ladder, as Mark Schwartz Vice Chairman of Goldman Sachs and Chairman of Golden Sachs Asia Pacific, claims in his speech â€Å"China’s Economic Success and Opportunities,† â€Å"China is coming out of a period of rapid growth almost ten percent over the last thirty (30) years. In 2013 China’s gross domestic product (GDP) was 9Read MoreCharles Darwin s Theory Of Evolution And Natural Selection2114 Words   |  9 PagesCharles Darwin Charles Darwin was born in Shrewsbury, England, on February 12, 1809. He died on April 19, 1882 in Kent, England (Biography.com Editors). Charles Darwin brought many revolutionary visions to the world of science, including evolution. Charles Darwin was an English naturalist and geologist. He is best known for his theory of evolution, and natural selection. Darwin learned most of his information on the Voyage of the Beagle, and from this trip he wrote a book, Of the Origin of SpeciesRead MoreCharles Darwin s Theory Of Natural Selection1408 Words   |  6 Pagesoffspring benefit in result of the heritable genes and eventually through generations, the variants will be spread throughout the entire population (Montgomery, 2009). Charles Darwin’s theory of natural selection can be supported through both fossils and homologous structures. A technique that supports Charles Darwin’s theory of natural selection is fossils. A fossil is the remnant or imprint of a previous animal embedded in rock and preserved in petrified form (J, Castro, 2013). Fossils are used and areRead MoreCharles Darwin s Theory Of Evolution And Natural Selection1535 Words   |  7 PagesCharles Robert Darwin was an English naturalist, geologist, and biologist. Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution is based on a mechanism that he titled natural selection. Natural selection is, as defined by Darwin in his book On the Origin of Species, the method of being naturally selected for a better chance of survival in an environment. Evolution itself is the process by which organisms develop and adapt over generations. â€Å"†¦ it follows that any being, if it vary however slightly in any mannerRead MoreHow Did Thomas Malthus Inspire Charles Darwin s Theory Of Natural Selection? Essay1014 Words   |  5 PagesMalthus inspire Charles Darwin’s theory of natural selection? Define natural selection. Thomas Malthus stated that the human population would eventually decrease significantly. His reasoning was that there would be a scarcity of food and other vital resources, leaving only the fittest of the species to survive. These â€Å"fittest† of the species would then pass on their traits to their offspring. Darwin used this is a firm foundation for his natural selection theory. Natural selection is the idea thatRead MoreEvolution Is The Biological Ideal For The History Of Life On Earth814 Words   |  4 Pagesof life on Earth. (Evolution fact and theory). It is the process by which an organism becomes more refined over time and in response to its environment. Evolution is about how we evolved; how Neanderthals and cave men evolved into Homo sapiens much like what we are today. It’s about how creatures evolved over time, dinosaurs becoming extinct through natural selection and how sharks have been alive for over 400 million years; it’s all about how natural s election chooses the best qualities and how theyRead MoreThe Theory Of Science And Technology1454 Words   |  6 Pageslive in today. Charles Robert Darwin was an English geologist and naturalist, best known for his significant addition to the science of evolution. He had a theory that all species have inherited traits over time from common ancestors, and in a partnership with Alfred Russel Wallace introduced his scientific theory that this pattern of evolution resulted from an action that he called natural selection, in which the struggle for existence has a similar effect to the natural selection involved in selectiveRead MoreThe Scientific Theory Of Science And Technology1449 Words   |  6 Pageslive in today. Charles Robert Darwin was an English geologist and naturalist, best known for his significant addition to the science of evolution. He had a theory that all species have inherited traits over time from common ancestors, and in a partnership with Alfred Russel Wallace int roduced his scientific theory that this pattern of evolution resulted from an action that he called natural selection, in which the struggle for existence has a similar effect to the natural selection involved in selective

Wednesday, December 18, 2019

The Case Of Brown V. Board Of Education Of Topeka

In 1954, The United States Supreme Court made a landmark decision with its ruling in the case of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka. The ruling was a monumental one for multiple reasons. Firstly, it was a major step in the Civil Rights Movement as it ended the legal use of â€Å"separate but equal† facilities, under the ruling that this violated the Fourteenth Amendment’s Equal Protection Clause. It gave African-Americans access to better schools, and also gave them a greater sense of dignity as they no longer could be legally forced to drink from different fountains or sit in separate sections. Another aspect of the decision that makes it so significant is the fact that it did the rare task of overturning a previous Supreme Court decision,†¦show more content†¦He believed that in order to understand law, one must first realize what law’s purpose is. He, like Thomas, argued that law’s purpose it to benefit society by creating a morally sound or der to human action and conduct. He detailed seven goods that he believed to be intrinsic and universal, and argued that laws should be enforced under the stipulation that they adhere to the enhancement of these goods, because they are what determines a fulfilling life. They are: life, knowledge, play, aesthetic experience, sociability, practical reasonableness, and religion. The goods that relate to the thesis of this paper the most are knowledge and sociability, as the result of the case has a direct benefit on them and is, therefore, moral and legitimate. Legal positivists, however, disagree that morality has any place in determining what legitimate law is. H. L. A. Hart based much of his theory on the previous legal positivist John Austin’s work. Austin believed that laws obtain their legitimacy from the recognition of a society’s members in the authority of their unruled ruler. This unruled entity that enforces laws with the backing of sanctions, is what Austin te rms the ‘sovereign.’ He believed that in order for a sovereign to exist it had to be habitually complied with by those it governs. What separates Austin’s theory from natural law theories is that he did not believe that laws had to be created or followed on the basis of morality. According to Austin’sShow MoreRelatedThe Case Of Oliver Brown V. The Board Of Education Of Topeka1991 Words   |  8 PagesThe question that this historical investigation and sources will be seeking to answer is: To what extent did the case of Oliver Brown v. The Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas further the progress of the civil rights movement in search of African-American equality? The first source being evaluated is â€Å"The Brown Decision: Its Long Anticipation and Lasting Influence.† This academic journal article originates from the Journal of Southern History, and is written by Linda Reed, an associate professorRead MoreBrown vs Board of Education600 Words   |  3 PagesThe Brown vs Board of Education as a major turning point in African American. Brown vs Board of Education was arguably the most important cases that impacted the African Americans and the white society because it brought a whole new perspective on whether â€Å"separate but equal† was really equal. The Brown vs Board of Education was made up of five different cases regarding school segregation. â€Å"While the facts of each case are different, the main issue in each was the constitutionality of state-sponsoredRead MoreOutline Of A Speech On History And Education846 Words   |  4 PagesSegregation in Education General Purpose: To Inform Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about one of the most notorious eras in politics and education. Thesis: â€Å"Brown V. The Board of Education of Topeka† and its reversal of the decision of â€Å"Plessy V. Ferguson† and the â€Å"Separate but Equal clause† is one of the most monumental, and impactful decision ever made. I. Introduction A. Attention Getter: B. Thurgood Marshall was responsible for rearguing the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka case andRead MoreBrown V. Board Of Education830 Words   |  4 PagesBrown v. Board of Education The Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka case is a well-known case that went to the Incomparable Court for racial reasons with the leading body of training. The case was really the name given to five separate cases that were heard by the U.S. Preeminent Court concerning the issue of isolation in state funded schools. These cases were Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Briggs v. Elliot, Davis v. Board of Education of Prince Edward County (VA.), Boiling v. Sharpe,Read MoreBrown V. The Board Of Education1136 Words   |  5 PagesBrown v. The Board of Education Topeka, Kansas, 1950, a young African-American girl named Linda Brown had to walk a mile to get to her school, crossing a railroad switchyard. She lived seven blocks from an all white school. Linda’s father, Oliver, tried to enroll her into the all white school. The school denied her because of the color of her skin. Segregation was widespread throughout our nation. Blacks believed that the â€Å"separate but equal† saying was false. They felt that whites had more educationalRead MoreBrown V. Board Of Education Of Topeka1634 Words   |  7 PagesBrown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483 (1954), was a landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students to be unconstitutional. The decision overturned the Plessy v. Ferguson decision of 1896, which allowed state-sponsored segregation, insofar as it applied to public education. Handed down on May 17, 1954, the Warren Cou rt s unanimous (9–0) decision stated that separate educational facilitiesRead MoreBrown vs. Board of Education: Case Study1745 Words   |  7 PagesBefore Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka was taken to the Supreme Court, the ruling in earlier Supreme Court case Plessy v. Ferguson stood. Plessy v. Ferguson established the separate but equal doctrine, which pervaded nearly every aspect of American life. One of the realms that Plessy v Ferguson expressly applied to was the area of public schools. Public schools in America could be racially segregated, based on the assumption that African-American schools were equal to their white counterpartsRead MoreThe Court Case that Changed the World: Brown v. Board of Education1078 Words   |  5 PagesBrown v. Board of Education is a story of triumph over a society where separating races simply based on appearances was the law. It is a story of two little girls who has to walk through a railroad switchyard in Topeka, Kansas in 1950 just to attend school. With lunch bags and backpacks in hand, they make their way to the black bus stop which is a distance of the tracks. They have to walk this distance, pass the buses filled with white children because they are unable to attend the nearby whiteRead MoreBrown V. Board Of Education 347 Us 4831438 Words   |  6 PagesBrown v. Board of Education 347 US 483 (1954) Jim Crow Laws As society changes, laws change as well to keep up with changes in some cases, the law are for the better of the majority, however, there have been several laws that have been enacted to impose inequality. On May 17, 1954, the United States Supreme Court handed down its ruling in the landmark case of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas. Education of Topeka that Racial education of Topeka that racial segregation in public schoolsRead MorePlessy vs Ferguson678 Words   |  3 PagesPlessy v. Ferguson and Brown v. the Topeka Board of Education In the 1896 case of Plessy v. Ferguson the Supreme Court decided that having †separate but equal† accommodations for Whites and Colored did not violate the 14th Amendment (Wolff, 1997). This allowed states to continue segregation as they saw fit. The Plessy v. Ferguson case was centered on the segregation of railroad cars but the final ruling supported that all â€Å"separate but equal† accommodations were allowed by the constitution and was

Monday, December 9, 2019

Organizational Behavior for Business Perspectives and Research

Question: Discuss about theOrganizational Behavior for Business Perspectives and Research. Answer: Introduction Organizational behavior gives emphasis on the behavior of the people when they interact with the groups. The organization gives focus on this, so that the goals and objectives can be easily attained. Organizational behavior is an effective approach which is implemented on the workers who are working in the organization. In this report the main concentration is given on the employees attitude and management. The discussion is also made on job satisfaction and organizational commitment by the employees. Impact of attitude which is based on work by considering the behavior Attitude gives emphasis on the behavior pattern of the workers or employees. If it is said that the attitude of a person is based on the behavior then it is considered as a wrong statement. Attitude is taken into consideration as a belief and feelings of a person towards the situation. The person faces many problems in various situations. If we take into consideration the example that the person wants to implement decentralization in the organization but for this the permission is required from the top level management. It is analyzed that the behavior can be changed with the change in situation (Shooshtarian, Ameli and Aminilari, 2013). Attitude is increased by the behavior of the person. If the workers behave in positive way, then they will attain the outcome in a positive manner. Positive behavior attracts more good things towards the person. Attitude is also helpful to convince other person. If you are indulge in selling a product, and then if you have a good attitude then you can induce the person to buy a product. Attitude also helps to decide the things in effective manner. If a person carries a positive behavior then it can be easy for him or her to decide about things in correct way (Farooq, Payaud, Merunka and Valette-Florence, 2014). There are many situations in which the motivation level of other person is enhanced in proper manner, by seeing the work of the person. The work can also be completed easily, if the person carries a positive attitude. Mostly it is analyzed in the organization that people have the feeling of competition between them, so they try to demotivate other people who are in the organiz ation. There are many situations in which the people who have negative behavior change themselves and carry a positive attitude. If one employee behaves in negative manner and from inside he has a positive attitude towards other people, then it can be seen that the attitude do not impact on the behavior of the person (Zohar, 2014). Need of Attitude for an individual Attitude is considered as an essential part which is required to attain the success for an individual. The attitudes are named as a negative attitude and positive attitude. The positive attitude gives enhances the level of motivation and helps the employees or the workers to give their best towards the work. By this the company can easily attain the goals and objectives of the organization (Jehanzeb, Rasheed, and Rasheed, 2013). Negative attitude spoils the surroundings and create conflicts between the individuals. It is very important for a person to carry a positive attitude, so that the goals and objectives of the organization can be attained properly. If a person carries a positive attitude at the workplace, then it is motivating other people and also it helps to attain the objective in effective manner (Togna, 2014). Employees who have appositive attitude are considered the most and good individuals of the organization. If the person behaves in a positive way then the direct imp act will be seen on the working pattern. The working pattern is enhanced efficiently. If the managers have a positive attitude, then the employees will be happy and also give their best towards the work. The problems of the employees or the workers can be solved efficiently. Attitude is changed from person to person and also by position to position. It is very essential for every person to carry a positive attitude with themselves. It will help to attain the success in easy manner. If a person is on the higher position then it is important to have a positive attitude, then only he or she will motivate their subordinates. If the manager has a positive attitude then it can lead to success of the organization and also help to enhance the level of motivation of the employees working in the organization. For the growth of the company, it is required to carry a positive attitude (Bhalerao and Kumar, 2016). Job satisfaction or Organizational Commitment If the candidate is satisfied with the job, then the outcome will be in a positive way. Positive attitude help the organization and the employees to attain the goals and objectives of the company. If the workers are dedicated towards their work, then it can be easily analyzed that they are satisfied with the job. Job satisfaction refers to the level of satisfaction which employees have for their work. It is very essential that the candidate should be motivated towards the working pattern. If the worker working in the organization are not satisfies then it is very difficult for the organization to attain the goals and objectives in proper way. Dissatisfaction is occurred from the negative attitude. If person possess negative, then it can be seen that they are not satisfied with the working pattern (Eren and Hisar, 2016). Organizational commitment gives emphasis to involve the workers in the organization. If the employee is satisfied with the company, then he or she will be dedicated and work efficiently to complete their goals and objectives. The organizational commitment is enhanced if person is satisfied with the working pattern of the company. The characteristics that describe the organizational commitment are: Affective, Continuance and normative commitment (Mowday, Porter and Steers, 2013). Affective commitment is concerned with the psychological concept of the person. Another is Continuance commitment in which the connection is with the cost that is taken into consideration at the time of leaving the company. The last is concerned with normative commitment in which the obligation gives direct impact on the nature and on the company. Job satisfaction is concerned with as an important skill that discloses all the skills that an individual possess. If the employee is not satisfied with the job, th en an individual will not be committed towards the company. So motivation is also an important aspect to enhance the organizational commitment and level of satisfaction of the employees (Canrinus, Helms-Lorenz, Beijaard, Buitink, and Hofman, 2012). Duty of the manager to enhance the commitment level It is analyzed that the obligation and the satisfaction of the company is connected with each other. It is seen that now a days the technology is so updated, that half of the workload is minimized. The technology is also important but human resources play a great role in conducting the day to day activities. Technology helps to save time but the work done by the individual is not replaced. If the company motivate the employees to work in proper way, then it can be easy to attain the goals and objectives of the organization in effective manner. The manager should use motivational theory so that the work can be done in easy way (Lamba and Choudhary, 2013). If the manager takes into consideration the theories, then the productivity of the employee can be enhanced. If the employees have the confidence of conducting the activities in proper way, then it can be easy to accomplish the goals and objectives of the organization. The managers should offer the incentives to the employees so that the work can be conducted effectively. The morale of employee is boosted when the goals and objectives of the organization are attained. It helps the managers to accomplish their targets properly (Brunetto, Teo, Shacklock and Farr?Wharton, 2012). The manager should see that the employees who are working in the organization feel comfortable and happy. If they are happy with their job, then the level of motivation can be enhanced. The manager should give focus on enhancing the responsibility and work satisfaction. The managers should provide happy environment for the workers or the employees, so that the activities that are conducted should be done with efficiency. The directors or managers should help the employees and listen to their problems, so that employee can feel motivated and happy with their work (Dhar, 2015).It is analyzed that if the higher authority give motivation to the employees working in the organization, then it help the employees or the workers to attain the monthly target in proper manner. Motivation is considered as an essential and very important part of the organization. If the employees are not motivated then it is very difficult for the organization to attain the goals and objectives. Motivation enhanc es the profitability and knowledge of the employees who are working in the organization. By taking into consideration the level of motivation the level of commitment between the employees can be enhanced efficiently and in proper way. References Bhalerao, H. and Kumar, S., 2016. Role of emotional intelligence in leaders on the commitment level of employees: A study in information technology and manufacturing sector in India.Business Perspectives and Research,4(1), pp.41-53. Brunetto, Y., Teo, S.T., Shacklock, K. and Farr?Wharton, R., 2012, Emotional intelligence, job satisfaction, well?being and engagement: explaining organisational commitment and turnover intentions in policing Human Resource Management Journal, vol. 22, no.4, pp.428-441. Canrinus, E.T., Helms-Lorenz, M., Beijaard, D., Buitink, J. and Hofman, A., 2012, Self-efficacy, job satisfaction, motivation and commitment: Exploring the relationships between indicators of teachers professional identity, European journal of psychology of education, vol.27, no. 1, pp.115-132. Dhar, R.L., 2015. Service quality and the training of employees: The mediating role of organizational commitment.Tourism Management,46, pp.419-430. Eren, H. and Hisar, F., 2016. Quality of work life perceived by nurses and their organizational commitment level.Journal of Human Sciences,13(1), pp.1123-1132. Farooq, O., Payaud, M., Merunka, D. and Valette-Florence, P., 2014. The impact of corporate social responsibility on organizational commitment: Exploring multiple mediation mechanisms.Journal of Business Ethics,125(4), pp.563-580. Jehanzeb, K., Rasheed, A. and Rasheed, M.F., 2013. Organizational commitment and turnover intentions: Impact of employees training in private sector of Saudi Arabia.International Journal of Business and Management,8(8), p.79. Lamba, S. and Choudhary, N., 2013. Impact of HRM practices on organizational commitment of employees.International Journal of Advancements in Research Technology,2(4), pp.407-423. Mowday, R.T., Porter, L.W. and Steers, R.M., 2013.Employeeorganization linkages: The psychology of commitment, absenteeism, and turnover. Academic press. Shooshtarian, Z., Ameli, F. and Aminilari, M., 2013. The effect of labor's emotional intelligence on their job satisfaction, job performance and commitment.Iranian Journal of Management Studies,6(1), p.29. Togna, G., 2014. Does internal communication to generate trust always increase commitment? A study at Micron Technology.Corporate Communications: An International Journal,19(1), pp.64-81. Zohar, D., 2014. Safety climate: Conceptualization, measurement, and improvement.The Oxford handbook of organizational climate and culture, pp.317-334.

Monday, December 2, 2019

Political Science Research Paper on Canadian Multiculturalism Essay Example

Political Science Research Paper on Canadian Multiculturalism Essay Before starting the discussion on the complexity of correlation between Canadian multiculturalism and idea of the strong Canadian identity, it must be noted that such argument cannot be assessed in the absence of a clear understanding of political processes related to the strategy of nation-building. This qualification is particularly salient in the Canadian case, where the precarious nature of pan-Canadian identity has traditionally been in itself somewhat of a ‘national symbol’ due to the persistent existential question in Quebec. (Taylor, 1994) Indeed, as will be shown below, policymakers at the federal level charged with defining the bases of belonging in Canada have not only faced the challenges associated with the incorporation of diverse cultural identities but have been confronted with a national minority with established political institutions within a well-circumscribed territory. After careful research on the subject outlined, it is apparent that Canadian multiculturalism has been and continues to be a product of nation-building efforts and not a genuine commitment to the main tenets of strong Canadian identity. In other words, it is an element of a political strategy by the central state to forge a strong commitment, by its citizens, to Canada as a single and unified political community. Canadian multiculturalism should not be viewed as an example of the emerging ideology of multiculturalism and its implications for the redefinition of the legitimacy of nation-states in the case of polyethnic societies. We will write a custom essay sample on Political Science Research Paper on Canadian Multiculturalism specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Political Science Research Paper on Canadian Multiculturalism specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Political Science Research Paper on Canadian Multiculturalism specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer â€Å"The main tenets of Canadian citizenship status are not that far off from those of the United States.† (Carens, 2000) Indeed, the place of culture in Canadian conceptions of citizenship is liberal – it is about building a nation based on universal principles. A model of cultural pluralism along the lines of Quebec interculturalism makes a more serious effort to balance the prerogatives of unity with the preservation and flourishing of minority cultures. The enduring problem confronting the Quebec model, one that would have to be taken into account in any future attempts at empirical verification, is the idea of competing interpretations of citizenship by those targeted for integration in the first place. (Carens, 2000) As Joppke makes clear, each society’s actual response to immigration and polyethnicity does not merely stem from an abstract model that is subsequently applied to the real world: â€Å"The concrete meaning of multiculturalism and its linkage to immigration differs significantly across these societies. These differences are conditioned by distinct traditions of nationhood, the specific historical contexts in which immigration has taken place, and the existing immigration regimes.† (Joppke, 1996) As such, the case of Quebec, although formally a province of Canada, nevertheless merits independent consideration as the Quebec state has negotiated broad authority over immigration. Moreover, Quebec constitutes a distinct political community with a well-defined collective cultural project that includes the integration of immigrants into that plan. Canada’s other provinces, by contrast, have been content to leave this policy area in the hands of the federal government. In short, Quebec should be viewed as a host society in its right, with its own historical and cultural development, its sense of nationhood, and a distinct discourse with regards to the general orientations and choices of society. There are indeed political imperatives at work in such policy outcomes. An assessment of Canadian multiculturalism cannot forgo the fact that in the final analysis, it is a policy and not an ‘ontological’ principle devoid of contingencies. (Taylor, 1994) The idea of multiculturalism must not be confused with the Canadian policy, as this is prone to stifling debate concerning the value of the policy in framing citizenship status. Returning to the normative backdrop for evaluating integration as developed above, it is clear that the Canadian strategy was related to both the goal of unity and the fostering of citizen dignity through the recognition of particular cultural affiliations. First, it seeks to achieve unity through a pan-Canadian nation-building project that emphasizes the primacy of individual rights in a constitutional Charter of Rights and a choice of language use, between French or English, across the country. Superimposed on individual rights is the official recognition of all constituent cultures, equally. Such attention, however, is largely a symbolic concession – the fabrication of an identity marker based on the voluntary adherence to particular cultural allegiances. In Weinfeld’s words: â€Å"In the absence of any consensus on the substance of Canadian identity or culture, multiculturalism fills a void, defining Canadian culture regarding the legitimate ancestral cultures which are the legacy of every Canadian: defining the whole through the sum of its parts.† (Weinfeld, 1981) By forging a collective identity throughout the country based on the ‘sum of its parts,’ it was hoped that the identity marker for unity could be universal – the equal recognition of all cultures, within a regime governed by individual rights and bilingualism. In this way, adherence to particular cultural attachments could be voluntary for all individuals, while at the same time claiming to ‘empower’ citizens of minority cultures through reductionist means – Canada’s symbolic order was to be based on the negation of any particular cultural definition. Webber argues that the Canadian response, by conceptualizing citizenship in such terms, has in effect altered social relations to the point of damaging the exercise of democracy. The Canadian political community in this sense is predicated on the judicialization of social interactions, to the detriment of the deliberative aspects of representative democracy. The idea of public space for citizen participation, reflection, and deliberation within the political community is reduced to a small forum of rights-bearers. Deliberative assemblies give way to the ‘legalization’ of social relations, preventing parliaments from being responsible for organizing social life and, ultimately, preventing citizens from identifying with others in the political community. (Webber, 1994) According to Kymlicka, the outcome of Canadian multiculturalism as a symbol for identification is analogous to the United States in its failure to differentiate between national minorities and polyethnic communities. The fundamental difference between the two is that the former strive for self-determination while the latter seek inclusion. Canada’s policy fails to address this distinction – multiculturalism becomes a mechanism to quell legitimate national aspirations – thus it fundamentally shares with the US model a certain homogenization, or universalization, of identity, albeit through cultural relativism. (Kymlicka, 1995) Kymlicka argues that the American reluctance to recognize minority nations is a direct result of its assimilationist model, a fear that such recognition will trickle down to polyethnic communities and thus undermine the bases for unity. (Kymlicka, 1995) Canada’s policy stems from similar fears. However, Canada’s response was to elevate the status of cultural groups to the same level as that of national minorities. Both are universal, both are bound by nation-building projects which stress unity, and both fail in any significant way to recognize territorially defined group-differentiated rights as a federal principle. (Kymlicka, 1995) As such, the Canadian response was not predicated on a genuine commitment to the ideology of multiculturalism as a pillar upon which to frame citizenship status. The goal was unity in the face of a national minority challenge. Quebec’s national identity was placed, constitutionally, alongside every other minority culture as a basis for identification. In Taylor’s terms, multiculturalism as such fails to appreciate the ‘deep diversity’ in Canada, in which difference can be recognized on tiered levels given particular groupings’ political aspirations and historical/territorial/linguistic realities. (Taylor, 1994) In adopting a strategy for unity similar to the American approach – uniformity from coast to coast based on universal principles – the Canadian policy in effect failed to recognize that national minorities, as opposed to polyethnic communities, seek to provide a ‘centre’ for identification, their pole of allegiance necessary for unity and common purpose. In other words, national identity in Quebec assumes a self-determining project for society. The community of reference for all citizens under the banner of multiculturalism, however, is Canada. Webber summarizes: â€Å"This ideology defines itself about the territorial state: it circumscribes a community of belonging to the state within a country – Canada.† (Webber, 1994) The Canadian constitution protects individuals from collective intrusions. It can be argued that the failure to achieve unity and common purpose is not inherent in the model of multiculturalism adopted. Rather, disunity is a product of federal dynamics – Canada is not a nation-state that can claim the status of a single and unified host society. As such, one can assess the policy independently of the Quebec question, which to a large extent may explain the motivation for the policy but not its actual effects as a model for integration. If we disregard the variable of multinationality in Canada, has multiculturalism been successful in integrating immigrants and ethnic groups? Indeed, if we begin with the assumption that Canada constitutes a single political community or host society, we can then proceed to evaluate the success of multiculturalism without considering disunity concerning the fragmentation of ‘national allegiance.’ (Carens, 2000) Unity can thus be conceptualized as the extent to which minority groups feel as though they belong to a single community called Canada, and participate in the general affairs of the larger society. As a response to critics who view multiculturalism as a divisive force in Canada, Will Kymlicka provides some empirical data that demonstrate the success of multiculturalism regarding the integration of minority cultures. (Kymlicka, 1995) Indeed, the line of criticism discussed does not challenge the integrative success of the policy. The claim is that due to the imperatives of nation-building, for unity in the face of the Quebec question, Canada chose to adopt a ‘lowest common denominator’ formula that rejected the recognition of culture as an aspect of belonging altogether. (Kymlicka, 1995) Trudeau’s ‘just society’ is predicated on the notion that an emotive attachment to a polity is destructive and backward, and that progress requires an emphasis on reason, which is universal, to serve as a guiding principle in any citizenship regime. If we look closely at Kymlicka’s indicators for integration, however, it may be argued that although integration has been rather successful, it came at the expense of the recognition and preservation of minority cultures – which in the final analysis is the defining feature of ideological multiculturalism. The Canadian model operates along the primacy of individual rights in a constitutional Charter of Rights, with an interpretive clause for the recognition of diverse cultural affiliations. The interpretive clause is the only element of differentiation from American assimilation. There is no democratic imperative for the identification of diverse minority cultures besides a legal/procedural provision that may be invoked if the minority group in question chooses to do so. This is a key conceptual distinction between the Canadian and Quebec models, and it stems from the nature of the expectations of democracy itself. Public space is based on individual participation via a bill of rights. The success of minority groups within indicators such as ‘naturalization rates’, ‘political participation’ (including the institutional avenues of participation), ‘official language competence’, ‘intermarriage rates’ and lack of territorial enclaves of cultural groups are addressed to those critics who view multiculturalism as divisive to the forging of a strong Canadian identity. (Carens, 2000) They do not speak to the explicit concern for the preservation and flourishing of minority cultures within the political community – the capacity of such groups to participate and affect the public affairs of the country without shedding their particular group identities. The debate itself thus takes place outside the imperatives of ideological multiculturalism. In other words, these criteria may very well be addressing a regime committed to assimilation. The fact that Canadian identity – the way citizens relate to each other and the state in determining societal preferences – is predicated on such terms implies that there is no public culture on which minority cultures can make their mark. Again, multiculturalism in Canada does not reflect the recognition of diverse cultures; instead, to be blunt, it refers to the denial of religion altogether in defining the limits and confines of public space.

Wednesday, November 27, 2019

Free Essays on Satire Between Grendel & Beowulf

The satire that I found within Grendel and Beowulf was that Grendel and Beowulf as well as the rest of the thanes, were always fighting but mentally in the end were fighting for the same thing. Even though Grendel is antisocial and isolates himself from all lifeforms, as opposed to Beowulf who prides himself in fighting for his people, they were at the same time duplicates of one another. Arriving to the satire in Grendel, which was also brought out in the story of Beowulf, was that all thanes wanted to die an honorable death and that was in battle. This in turn brought the main conflict of both stories, which was that enemies like Grendel and Beowulf would rather die themselves than to have their counterpart die honorably. Ultimately, the man with the most physical strength and stamina wins the battle. In essence, the satire was brought out when Grendel was compared to Beowulf and vice versa. In the book Beowulf, an example of this idea would be an incident between Beowulf and Grendel. Beowulf accepted the fact that if he dies while in battle, he will die with the honor. When Beowulf patiently waits for Grendel to walk into the meadhall he attacks with full force. Beowulf uses his physical strength to overtake Grendel and leads him scream in excruciating pain because he rips Grendel’s arm right out of the socket right in front of all the thanes. All the thanes watched Grendel go back to his home weaker than ever, crawling away to his death. This fight between the two of them lead to the death of Grendel, but Beowulf got his pride in hanging Grendel’s arm on the Heorot as evidence to his physically power against Grendel. He at this point creates his reputation for being a physically inferior warrior against evil. Finally Beowulf himself, dies while killing the all mighty dragon with his sword. While on the verge of death Beowulf realizes he has won th e battl! e and observes the treasure he gained from it and for the mo... Free Essays on Satire Between Grendel & Beowulf Free Essays on Satire Between Grendel & Beowulf The satire that I found within Grendel and Beowulf was that Grendel and Beowulf as well as the rest of the thanes, were always fighting but mentally in the end were fighting for the same thing. Even though Grendel is antisocial and isolates himself from all lifeforms, as opposed to Beowulf who prides himself in fighting for his people, they were at the same time duplicates of one another. Arriving to the satire in Grendel, which was also brought out in the story of Beowulf, was that all thanes wanted to die an honorable death and that was in battle. This in turn brought the main conflict of both stories, which was that enemies like Grendel and Beowulf would rather die themselves than to have their counterpart die honorably. Ultimately, the man with the most physical strength and stamina wins the battle. In essence, the satire was brought out when Grendel was compared to Beowulf and vice versa. In the book Beowulf, an example of this idea would be an incident between Beowulf and Grendel. Beowulf accepted the fact that if he dies while in battle, he will die with the honor. When Beowulf patiently waits for Grendel to walk into the meadhall he attacks with full force. Beowulf uses his physical strength to overtake Grendel and leads him scream in excruciating pain because he rips Grendel’s arm right out of the socket right in front of all the thanes. All the thanes watched Grendel go back to his home weaker than ever, crawling away to his death. This fight between the two of them lead to the death of Grendel, but Beowulf got his pride in hanging Grendel’s arm on the Heorot as evidence to his physically power against Grendel. He at this point creates his reputation for being a physically inferior warrior against evil. Finally Beowulf himself, dies while killing the all mighty dragon with his sword. While on the verge of death Beowulf realizes he has won th e battl! e and observes the treasure he gained from it and for the mo...

Saturday, November 23, 2019

Inchon Invasion in the Korean War (Operation Chromite)

Inchon Invasion in the Korean War (Operation Chromite) The Inchon landings took place on September 15, 1950, during the Korean War (1950-1953). Since the beginning of the conflict that June, South Korean and United Nations forces had been steadily driven south into a tight perimeter around the port of Pusan. Seeking to regain the initiative and liberate the South Korean capital of Seoul, General Douglas MacArthur devised a plan for a daring amphibious landing at Inchon on South Koreas west coast. Far from the Pusan Perimeter, his troops began landing on September 15 and caught the North Koreans by surprise. The landings, coupled with an offensive from the Pusan Perimeter, caused the North Koreans to retreat back across the 38th Parallel with UN forces in pursuit. Fast Facts: Inchon Invasion Conflict: Korean War (1950-1953)Dates: September 15, 1950Armies Commanders:United NationsGeneral Douglas MacArthurVice Admiral Arthur D. StrubleGeneral Jeong Il-Gwon40,000 menNorth KoreaGeneral Choi Yong-kunapproximately 6,500 menCasualties:United Nations: 566 killed and 2,713 woundedNorth Korea: 35,000 killed and captured Background Following the opening of the Korean War and the North Korean invasion of South Korea in the summer of 1950, United Nations forces were steadily driven south from the 38th Parallel. Initially lacking the necessary equipment to halt the North Korean armor, American troops suffered defeats at Pyongtaek, Chonan, and Chochiwon before attempting to make a stand at Taejeon.  Though the city ultimately fell after several days of fighting, the effort made American and South Korean forces bought valuable time for additional men and material to be brought to the peninsula as well as for UN troops to establish a defensive line in the southeast which was dubbed the Pusan Perimeter. General Douglas MacArthur during the Inchon Landings, September 1950. National Archives and Records Administration Protecting the critical port of Pusan, this line came under repeated attacks by the North Koreans. With the bulk of the North Korean Peoples Army (NKPA) engaged around Pusan, UN Supreme Commander General Douglas MacArthur began advocating for a daring amphibious strike on the peninsulas west coast at Inchon. This he argued would catch the NKPA off guard, while landing UN troops close to the capital at Seoul and placing them in a position to cut the North Koreans supply lines. Many were initially skeptical of MacArthurs plan as Inchons harbor possessed a narrow approach channel, strong current, and wildly fluctuating tides. Also, the harbor was surrounded by easily defended seawalls. In presenting his plan, Operation Chromite, MacArthur cited these factors as reasons the NKPA would not anticipate an attack at Inchon. After finally winning approval from Washington, MacArthur selected the US Marines to lead the attack. Ravaged by post-World War II cutbacks, the Marines consolidated all available manpower and reactivated aging equipment to prepare for the landings. Pre-Invasion Operations To pave the way for the invasion, Operation Trudy Jackson was launched a week before the landings. This involved the landing of a joint CIA-military intelligence team on Yonghung-do Island in the Flying Fish Channel on the approach to Inchon. Led by Navy Lieutenant Eugene Clark, this team provided intelligence to UN forces and restarted the lighthouse at Palmi-do. Aided by South Korean counter-intelligence officer Colonel Ke In-Ju, Clarks team collected important data regarding the proposed landing beaches, defenses, and local tides. This latter piece of information proved critical as they found that the American tidal charts for the area were inaccurate. When Clarks activities were discovered, the North Koreans dispatched a patrol boat and later several armed junks to investigate. After mounting a machine gun on a sampan, Clarks men were able to sink the patrol boat drive off the enemy. As retribution, the NKPA killed 50 civilians for aiding Clark. Preparations As the invasion fleet neared, UN aircraft began striking a variety of targets around Inchon. Some of these were provided by the fast carriers of Task Force 77, USS Philippine Sea (CV-47), USS Valley Forge (CV-45), and USS Boxer (CV-21), which assumed a position offshore. On September 13, UN cruisers and destroyers closed on Inchon to clear mines from the Flying Fish Channel and to shell NKPA positions on Wolmi-do Island in Inchon harbor. Though these actions caused the North Koreans to believe than an invasion was coming, the commander at Wolmi-do assured the NKPA command that he could repulse any attack. The next day, UN warships returned to Inchon and continued their bombardment. USS Valley Forge (CV-45), 1948. US Naval History Heritage Command Going Ashore On the morning of September 15, 1950, the invasion fleet, led by Normandy and Leyte Gulf veteran Admiral Arthur Dewey Struble, moved into position and the men of Major General Edward Almonds X Corps prepared to land. Around 6:30 AM, the first UN troops, led by Lieutenant Colonel Robert Tapletts 3rd Battalion, 5th Marines came ashore at Green Beach on the northern side of Wolmi-do. Supported by nine M26 Pershing tanks from the 1st Tank Battalion, the Marines succeeded in capturing the island by noon, suffering only 14 casualties in the process. First Lieutenant Baldomero Lopez, USMC, leads the 3rd Platoon, Company A, 1st Battalion, 5th Marines over the seawall on the northern side of Red Beach, as the second assault wave lands at Inchon, 15 September 1950. US Naval History and Heritage Command Through the afternoon they defended the causeway to Inchon proper, while awaiting reinforcements. Due to the extreme tides in the harbor, the second wave did not arrive until 5:30 PM. At 5:31, the first Marines landed and scaled the sea wall at Red Beach. Though under fire from North Korean positions on Cemetery and Observation Hills, the troops successfully landed and pushed inland. Located just north of the Wolmi-do causeway, the Marines on Red Beach quickly reduced the NKPA opposition, allowing forces from Green Beach to enter the battle. Colonel Lewis Chesty Puller. November 1950. US Marine Corps Pressing into Inchon, the forces from Green and Red Beaches were able to take the city and compelled the NKPA defenders to surrender. As these events were unfolding, the 1st Marine Regiment, under Colonel Lewis Chesty Puller was landing on Blue Beach to the south. Though one LST was sunk while approaching the beach, the Marines met little opposition once ashore and quickly moved to help consolidate the UN position. The landings at Inchon caught the NKPA command by surprise. Believing that the main invasion would come at Kusan (the result of UN disinformation), the NKPA only sent a small force to the area. Aftermath Impact UN casualties during the Inchon landings and subsequent battle for the city were 566 killed and 2,713 wounded. In the fighting the NKPA lost more than 35,000 killed and captured. As additional UN forces came ashore, they were organized into the US X Corps. Attacking inland, they advanced towards Seoul, which was taken on September 25, after brutal house-to-house fighting. United Nations Offensive, South Korea 1950 - Situation 26 September and Operations Since 15 September. US Army The daring landing at Inchon, coupled with 8th Armys breakout from the Pusan Perimeter, threw the NKPA into a headlong retreat. UN troops quickly recovered South Korea and pressed into the north. This advance continued until late November when Chinese troops poured into North Korea causing UN forces to withdraw south.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Evaluating Organizational Behavior Research Paper

Evaluating Organizational Behavior - Research Paper Example This paper illustrates that through observing from both internal and external perspectives, individuals understand why people tend to behave in a particular manner within a team environment. PepsiCo. Inc is a multinational corporation from the United States (USA) that deals with food and beverage with its headquarters at New York in the USA. The company engages in manufacturing, marketing as well as a distribution of beverages, grain-based snack foods, as well as other products. The multinational engages in business operations throughout the continent. A focus on the company’s human resource policies proves essential to understanding its organization behavior. With distribution channels and manufacturing units all around the globe, the company realized the reason for successful operation is achieved through enhancing effective human resource policies. The code of conduct and Human Rights Work Policy of the company outlines guiding measures that ensure an embodied companyâ€⠄¢s policy that enhances in dealing fairly and honestly with the company’ s associates regarding wages and benefits as well as other employment conditions. The company provides equal opportunities for associates without tolerance for discrimination and thereby ensuring compliance with all applicable regulations, laws as well as other employment standards. Consequently, the company maintains a â€Å"Speak Up† policy line operational for twenty-four hours and an internet portal to enhance reporting of any alleged or suspected human rights abuses. The company respects workers dignity in the workplace as well as ensuring the associate's rights to personal security, clean, safe, as well as the healthful workplace. The company also provides associates freedom from harassment and abuse of al manners. Fair treatment and honesty are consequently applied in relation to workers wages, benefits and all conditions of employment. The associates’ right to freedom of associatio n also remains a significant point of consideration within the company.

Tuesday, November 19, 2019

Interoffice memorandum Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Interoffice memorandum - Essay Example In this regard, I just need to pay about $24000 tuition fee for my next two semesters till July 2015. After I graduate, the first five years I am setting three goals for myself. First, I plan to buy a car, second get married and third to get insurance. Meanwhile, if I find a full-time job, it shall me achieve these three goals by utilizing half of my salary for this purpose. I plan to save $300 per month for marriage, $200 for health and retirement insurances and the rest I plan to buy a car. If my salary comes about $4000/per month, I shall save $18000 for marriage (2012 average $28000 in USA), and I will be able to buy a car of ($90000) worth. Coming to my long term goals, I wish to focus for the real estate and find investment opportunities. In my opinion, my job shall help me save an amount which would be enough to pay down payment for my house. Moreover, I plan to invest for finance production. The two projects shall cost me 60% of my salary. In crux, I shall need to save above $2000 each month to achieve these goals. I also need to fill my expense planning charts. This shall entitle me to generate an understanding of my goals in detail. The first chart shall help me calculate the total amount to set aside each month for my fixed expenses. It is important to note that I have plans to invest $1500 into savings blank when I set in the target to save $2000 every month. In the second chart, it shall show the total monthly expenses that are flexible. The final budget will constitute the total amount of fixed and flexible expenses. As per my goal, if my first salary as $4000, so I expect to save at least $705 per month. In order to save my receipts and I shall provide all the details of my flexible daily expenses in the chart for June. My expenses shall include food, housing, transportation and others. As per my calculation, my food expense is $56.52 than my budget. However, I have been travelling for

Sunday, November 17, 2019

Reflection on the Character of Luke Skywalker Essay Example for Free

Reflection on the Character of Luke Skywalker Essay Luke Skywalkers character is a classic example of mans constant battle of good and evil—not to be simply put as the battle of the good versus the evil—but the choice to be good or evil. He outwardly struggles to find his place and role in the society even as he struggles inwardly to understand his own nature. As Yoda and Obi-Wan explained to him, Luke must confront and go beyond the dark side to be a Jedi. He is confronted with facing Darth Vader, who he has just learned to be Anakin Skywalker—his father, and in whom Luke believes still has good in him and who he says he could not kill. He was also confronted with troubles that has shaped him into the peson he chose to be. Vader has been a Jedi once, turned to the dark side of the Force because he could not accept the death of his loved ones—first of his mother, then of his intuition that had foretold the death of his wife, Amidala. During their fight, he tried to convince his son that turning to the dark side was the only way Luke could save his friends. Luke was like his father, reckless in his actions and impatient in his youth. But as he matured, he learned the true path of the Force, with the guidance of Yoda and Obi-Wan. Like his father before him, he, too, was troubled with death and suffering. Yoda, sensing death coming to him, explains to Luke: â€Å"Strong am I with the Force, but not that strong. Twilight is upon me and soon night must fall. That is the way of things, the way of the Force.† Inevitably at Endor, Luke has come to confront his father, not with the intention of fighting him as before, but to convince him to turn back to the good side. His attempts turns out to be futile. He further exhibits his maturity from being reckless and impatient by restraining himself when given the chance to strike at the Emperor. However, the Emperor seduces Lukes hatred and anger to attack him. Luke is tormented but still restrains himself until finally his rage erupted and attacked the Emperor. Darth Vader responded in defense of his master and Luke ends up fighting with his father. Luke realized that the Emperor was using his rage to turn him to the dark side of the Force. He has defeated Vader, not out of some personal, revenge-driven desire, but in order to protect someone he loves—Vader has treathened Lukes newly found twin sister Leia. As he looked down on his father with pity and understanding, he realized that he, too, has the potential to turn to the dark side. He threw away his lightsaber in his firm belief that he could still save his fathers soul and save himself from the path of the dark side by not killing Vader. By doing so, he has rejected evil in himself and submits himself to the will of the Force. As Yoda explained to him: â€Å"A jedis strenght flows from the Force. But beware. Anger, fear, agression, the dark side are they. Once you start down the dark path forever will it dominate your destiny.† He has faced his own fears and defeated them, evidenced by his reply to the Emperors offer to take his fathers place at his side: â€Å"Never. Ill never turn to the dark side I am a Jedi, like my father before me.† He has set an example that evil does not come naturally from the troubles that we are faced with, and that being good or evil is a matter of choice.

Thursday, November 14, 2019

Drama coursework: response portfolio Scaramouche Jones :: essays research papers

Drama coursework: response portfolio Scaramouche Jones This year in year 10 G.C.S.E. drama we have been studying Justin Butchers play â€Å"Scaramouche Jones†. We read, discussed, developed and preformed certain parts of the play and using some of the explorative strategies of drama we gained a deeper understanding and appreciation of the play text that was explored. Before we began to read the play text we were put into groups of 2 and we were made to perform a one minute piece of a clown show. This sketch was based completely on our own interpretations of a clown act. This helped us to get into the character of a clown for what might have been our first time. For this piece I was put into a group with Stephanie Gorsach. We preformed a classic slap stick comedy clown act e.g. throwing imaginary pies and hitting each other. After we did this piece we began to read the play text for the first time. My first impression of the play was that it was very odd and was going to be incredibly boring. I was wrong! The first section of the play we explored was he opening scene. In the first section of the play we first meet Scaramouche Jones. We find out that he is a clown as he comes in from one of his many performances. Our first piece of performance was a 2 man show. It was the first scene of the play. For this piece I was put into a pair with Tashan Baptist. This piece was surprisingly hard for a first major piece as we had what I thought was a short time of 2 weeks to perform the piece. This was made even harder by the expectations of our teachers and the amount of pressure. This was our first introduction to the character of Scaramouche Jones. This piece helped me to experience the character for myself and after doing the slap stick clown act with Stephanie I could just about imagine how tired he would be at 100 years old. The next piece of development that we did was the thought tracking process. For this piece we were put into small groups and asked to act out what we thought Scaramouche would be feeling at that moment in time. Unfortunately I missed this lesson but I asked one of my class mates to help me by going over this with me.

Tuesday, November 12, 2019

Youth Strength Training: Facts and Fallacies Essay

Personal Trainings Introduction Question One                   It is imperative for human beings, both sportsmen and individuals, in general, to be flexible. For an individual to be termed flexible, he or she should have the ability to move through a certain ROM (range of motion). Stretching is one of the common exercises used by athletes and individual to attain flexibility(Berg, 2012). To reach a given increase in the range of motion, two mechanisms, either stretching or other methods, are utilized. There are two categories of stretching; dynamic stretching and static stretching. Dynamic stretching comprises of organized movements through the active range of motion for a joint. Static stretching is where a joint is moved to the end of its range during the stretch position for a static time.                   Stretching is confirmed to be one of the exercises that help improve flexibility in athletes and the population, in general. This improvement are classified into three categories; Joint flexibility, hamstring flexibility, and calf flexibility. In this categories, stretching generally improves the range of motion in joints, hamstring is successful at different positions of stretching, and calf stretching improves ankle dorsiflexion(Wuest, 2011).                   A general fitness program should have stretching exercise at moderated rates to avoid fatigue. Stretching is done at the beginning of the exercise and at the end of it. This is important for the participants of the program to trigger their muscles for practice and to relax them after the session.                   Apart from improving flexibility, stretching is also important for muscle developing. It is scientifically proven that regular stretching exercise and taking enough water leads to muscle’s development. Stretching is also used for a cooling after a vigorous training session because it decreases soreness and fatigue. It also important because it helps in joint rotations because it triggers the joints lubrication process. Question Two                   Periodization is an organized method of a training period for an individual to achieve important knowledge and skills needed for personal progress(Berg, 2012). The approach comprises of tolerantcycling of a number of training program aspects within specified periods of time.Periodization gives a chance to sequentially expand skills, knowledge, and attitude towards one’s development and growth through a training session.                   As a technique, periodization has several components .that contribute to its success. However, common components include frequency, intensity, duration, and volume. Frequency involves the number of times an exercise is done in a consistent fashion. Intensity component of periodization is the uniqueness among individuals intermsof persistence, abilities, and personalities towards the exercise(Wuest, 2011). This component is the gradual development from basic training to more intense exercises as the body adopts to advanced practices. Duration aspect is the whole time required for one to complete a certain level of training. Lastly, volume is the expanse of practice required for one to undertake during a particular training session. Volume is about avoiding taking too much exercise that may cause fatigue or taking little amounts that may not have an impact on the individual. Examples in which periodization can be utilized include cyclists training, weight lifters practice sessions, and in the process of child growth. This activity is important for everyone because it is the best approach that yield results to a given training. It is also inclusive of other aspects like cognitive practice which render it important across the divide of any population. Question Three                   After doing an analysis of five different articles, one of the common myths discussed include; before doing any exercise one has to do stretches(Rosen, 2014). The articles authors believe that stretching is necessary for muscle development and as an injury prevention exercise. The media supports this fallacy to make it true by arguing that stretching makes the muscles tired by 30%(Muella, 2013). This adverse impact lowers the volume, intense, and frequency of exercise. Stretching is said to create tension which makes the persona training vulnerable for injuries(Yeh, 2013). Therefore, to justify this fallacy, walking and lifting light weights is recommended for individuals preparing for heavy training sessions. Stretching should therefore be done at the end of the training session(Faigenbaum, 2012).                   The media should say, that stretching is not a mandatory preliminary exercise before taking a heavy work out(Goudreau, 2012). It should be done at the end of an exercise to make sure that the muscles relax and lessens fatigue. It should also state other methods of warming up and preparing the muscles for a heavy work out. By mentioning these aspects, the media will succeed in making the fallacy correct. Question Four                   Exercise has both benefits and risks among the young generation. Some of the benefits of practice among the youth include; building and sustaining healthy muscles and bones, it moderates the possibility of developing chronic diseases such as diabetes(Milani, 2011). Youth who exercise at regular intervals has the benefit of avoiding obesity problems. Practice is also important among the youth because it decreases anxiety and gives them a good state of mind.Exercise has also proven to have positive impacts on academics performance of the youth as it increases their levels of attentiveness.                   Despite the many benefits associated with exercise and the youth, practice also pose risk to the youth. Heavy training can cause stunted growth in the adolescents with less developed muscles. Training tends to consume much of their time and it may impact their academic performance negatively.                   Weight training is safe for the youth if it is executed safely and correctly. However, risks exist if the youth do not put it consideration necessary measures for their safety(Milani, 2011). Such risks are mitigated by setting guidelines and tailor made practice sessions for the adolescents. References Berg, K. (2012). Essentials of Research Methods in Health, Physical Education, Exercise Science, and Recreation (Point (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins)) . New York: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Publishers . Faigenbaum, A. (2012). Youth Strength Training: Facts and Fallacies. American Colledge of Sports Medicine, 1. Goudreau, J. (2012). Avery D. Faigenbaum. Forbes Magazine, 1. Milani, M. (2011). Is Weight Training Safe For Today’s Youth? Total Human Performance Preparing Youth Today, 1. Muella, J. (2013). The Top 6 Fitness Myths and Truths. SparklePeople, 1. Rosen, P. (2014). 8 Health Lies Trainers Tell. FitnessMagazine, 1. Wuest, D. (2011). Foundations of Physical Education, Exercise Science, and Sport. New York : McGraw-Hill Humanities/Social Sciences/Languages. Yeh, I. (2013). The truth about common fitness myths. Health Newsletter, 1. Retrieved from http://www.health.com/health/gallery/0,,20765578,00.html Source document

Sunday, November 10, 2019

Pat Barker’s Regeneration Essay

Explore the psychological and moral impact of war on soldiers and civilians in Pat Barker’s Regeneration and Wilfred Owen’s poetry. In the course of your writing show how your ideas have been illuminated by your response to Joseph Heller’s Catch-22 and other readings of both core texts. Pat Barker’s Regeneration, Wilfred Owen’s poetry and Joseph Heller’s Catch-22 can all be categorised as subjective war texts as the main structural principle is not dominated by character’s actions, but rather, this is subordinated by the moral and psychological processes upon those individuals. Here the authors have used war to present a larger theme or moral implication, by centring the literary texts on war’s impact, whether that be a physical or a psychological manifestation of war’s disturbing effects. Barker wanted primarily to focus her novel on the lasting effects of war, specifically WWI in which this novel is set. In order to do this she has used horror sparingly, allowing her to still show the suffering of the characters without detracting from the point of the novel. One of the few exceptions to this rule is Barkers use of vivid flashbacks to make the soldier’s torment apparent. For example, Burns a patient at Craiglockhart War Hospital is left psychologically damaged, after being thrown ‘head-first, on a corpse, whose gas-filled belly had ruptured on impact’. Barker intended that her novel be focused on the psychological and moral processes of war, in order to educate the public as to the extent of wars reach, in an attempt to prevent the continuation of war. The chronological ordering and interlinking protagonists results in a sense of fluidity, where the ease of reading and direct writing style allow Barker to more effective present her argument, altho ugh the novel allows us to draw our own conclusions. Heller’s novel set in WWII focuses on the damage inflicted by the war on the soldier’s minds, both in driving them to madness and in blurring the line of moral duty and conscience. Heller never addresses the psychological impact formally: Instead he broaches the subject using satirical dialogue, whereby he shows the men to have been driven to madness and that it is just accepted  in war time. But this callousness is mocking, as is made apparent by the underlying dark humour, which demands this novel be taken seriously. Heller intensifies the dark mood of the text with snapshots of horrific imagery and blunt observations. The circling non-linear order of the story appears haphazard; this reflects the illogical nature of war. Heller’s structuring, as commented by Russ Allbery, ‘requires that the reader pay close attention to maintain the order of events’: Thereby ensuring that the reader fully engages in the text and is able to appreciate Heller†™s moral implications. Allbery also commented on Heller’s last structural technique, as the ordering ‘does lead to an effective juxtaposition at the climax of the book’. Many people have commented that Owen uses horror in order to shock the reader into the realization of what war can do. A prime example of this is EXPOSURE, based on Owens own experiences it ‘exposes’ the reader to the realities of war. The poem centres on the physical conditions of the soldiers who are ‘exposed’ to the elements, which are so horrendous that the men long to go into battle as they see the bullets as ‘less deadly than the air ‘. The weather is personified ‘His frost’, as the elements are now the enemy that are slowly killing them. It is also a reflection of the mental conditions of war, as Owen details what the men are subjected to we see their progression into despair and probable depression. Owen shows the environment is quick to impact the soldiers as from the first line they have all ready been worn down by the unrelenting winter, ‘our brains ache, in the merciless iced east winds’. The soldiers then become frustrated and anxious, ‘but nothing happens’, ‘we cringe in holes’. Stanza’s s five and six are more heavily punctuated to show the soldiers exhaustion, until ‘slowly our ghosts drag home’. These soldiers may not have been fighting on the front lines, but this is no less serious, as they died slowly and agonisingly. Wilfred was aware when writing EXPOSURE that the public would not have realised the true severity of life in the trenches. Indeed all his poems are in an attempt to educate civilians as to the true horror of war, in a bid to prevent more men being put to death or derangement. The last stanza reiterates just how dangerous and brutal their surroundings were: ‘Pause over half-known faces. All their eyes are ice,’ the weather has taken  all the warmth and life out of them, leaving bodies so disfigured they are unrecognisable. Wilfred Owen’s letter’s home to his mother from the front line during WWII show the inspiration for the traumatic images in his poetry, as he confides in her that ‘It has passed the limits of my Abhorrence.’ In order to focus Regeneration on the impact of war Pat Barker uses Rivers, a psychiatrist at Craiglockhart, as the central character. As Rivers comes into contact with other characters displaying symptoms of having been impacted by war, Barker is then able to follow individual cases fully exploring the lasting impression that war has left. This also allows her to provide a historical structure as Rivers has extensive knowledge about the war and particularly its psychological effects, which he communicates throughout the novel. Rivers then provides a historical structure in another sense. Inevitably, in war literature there is an element of realism due to historical basis, but Pat Barker emphasises this though intertextuality. She interviews historical context such as Rivers’s character, who is drawn from Dr. W.H. Rivers who conducted experiments on nerve regeneration in the early twentieth century, integrating him with her fictional characters. The inspiration for Rivers came from her husband who was a neurologist familiar with Rivers’s work. Indeed, the immediate inspiration for Regeneration came from Barker’s husband. Barker then links directly with WWI through the use of famous persons or institutes associated with WWI such as Sassoon, Owen and Craiglockhart. The first case within Regeneration to be examined was that of Sassoon. Barker shows Sassoon to have been labelled ‘shell-shocked’ in order to discredit his declaration. It is clear from the outset that not all people, specifically those in high command, take war neurosis or in this case, neurasthenia, seriously. Rivers states that ‘Langdon doesn’t believe in shell-shock’, Rivers is Barkers voice, though him she establishes the relationship between the mental institutions and the Government. Throughout the novel emphasis is put on the lack of awareness by civilians as well as officials, so that the reader may gage the importance of understanding in order to prevent these atrocities from reoccurring. Wilfred Owen’s centralisation on the psychological manifestation of wars effect’s, is so that he may proceed to look at a larger theme and moral implication. Owen intended to demonstrate to the public the extent to which these men were pushed, under which conditions they are driven to the verge of madness. Owen’s hope was to rid the public of their ignorance, providing them with the understanding of how crippling our attitudes can be. In his PREFACE he stated that he was ‘not concerned with poetry’†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Poets must be truthful’, by this he meant that he would not write to glorify war, but to warn and try to stop the war. SELF INFLICTED WOUND shows the pressure put on one particular soldier, by not only the horrific conditions of battle and war, where he was forced to undergo the ‘torture of lying machinally shelled’, but the expectations on him to be able to cope with it and ‘show the Hun a brave man’s face’. Owen creates an atmosphere of entrapment, ‘roofed in with creeping fire’, reflective of that that the soldier must have lived in. Contained by the expectation of his family that is made clear ‘Death sooner than dishonour, that’s the style!’ The dangerous conditions in the trenches are emphasised by listing, ‘trench foot, shock’ etc. But ‘death seemed still withheld’, Owen shows the soldier to have become suicidal because of the physical as well as mental pressures of war. The ‘English ball’ in the third stanza is an English bullet; they made different bullets so that they could tell if someone had committed suicide. The two suicides in the poem were not then isolated incidences, if there was a need for this ‘English ball’. In the last verse they bury the soldier with the ‘muzzle his teeth had kissed’, this is perverse because he kisses his killer. Yet there is a sense of relief in the line ‘Tim died smiling’, as he is now free of the pressure of war. The structure of S.I.W. is incongruent and arbitrary, the rhyme scheme and rhythm vary particularly after the Prologue, as he had then experienced the horror of war. Barker’s apt placement of Sassoon’s declaration ‘Finished with the War,’ at the beginning of Regeneration establishes that the continuation of war can be stopped, ‘by those that have the power to end it’. Everything that  follows in novel is consequential to the decisions made by those in authority; because of the introduction the reader is aware that all the suffering shown can be prevented. Barker accentuates the point of this omnipotent leadership condemning the men to the inevitable suffering and mental torture demonstrated by the very existence of Craiglockheart. But more importantly, to the devolvement of power whereby officers and civilians are party to the continuation of war, and so, to the continual sentencing of death and derangement for all those conscripted. This is what Sassoon feels duty bound to protest against; he refuses to ‘be a party to prolong these sufferings’. Sassoon is used both as a symbol of the soldiers condemned to follow orders until they are of no use, and of the officers condemned to sentence the soldier to their inevitable death. Sassoon, along with Rivers epitomises the conflicting moral obligations thrust upon soldiers and civilians alike. Sassoon and Rivers battle with the idea of ‘duty’, a value brought to the forefront in 1914 with the beginning of war. Barker’s protagonists discover that when fulfilling ‘their obligations to king and country’ their duties conflict with their personal duty to individual freedom and belief’s. It has been remarked that Barker cleverly plays these two characters off one another, in order for them both to examine where their duties lie and how best they will serve society. In highlighting their conflict Barker encourages the reader to contemplate what war asks of the individual. Rivers is given Sassoon’s case by the Board to assess Sassoon’s mental state in view of his declaration. But it soon becomes apparent to Rivers that he is completely sane, in their first interview Rivers admits as much to him, ‘of course you’re not mad’. This then puts Rivers in an awkward position, as he realises his paradoxical role as a rmy doctor means that because Sassoon’s ‘a mentally and physically healthy man. It’s his duty to go back, and it’s my duty to see that he does’. He confided in Bryce (a fellow psychiatrist,) that he was ‘hoping’ to find something wrong with Sassoon. Rivers feels as a doctor and fellow sufferer a need to protect Sassoon, but as an officer is forced to send him away into danger. Rivers’s role as a doctor is somewhat conflicting, within the novel he tries to justify or suppress the idea that these men are being sent to him to be cured, and as soon as he helps them  they are being sent away to either come back to him or be killed. The curing process is also at odds with his character, as he finds in his attempt to prevent further suffering he must make his patients recall horrifying memories of their pasts. Burns, one patient in particular, had such an unbearable experience that Rivers no longer had the heart to try to make him talk about it; ‘I can’t make myself think about it’. His duty as a doctor to induce pain in his patients is at variance with his duty as a human to prevent the pain of his friends. Rivers is able however, to help Sassoon in resolving the tension between his duty to his country and duty to his citizens, by encouraging him to return to war for the sake of the soldiers. Although at the end of the novel Rivers clearly sympathises with Sassoon, contemplating that ‘a society that devours its own young deserves no automatic or unquestioning allegiance.’ This mirrors as well as confirms Sassoon’s declaration, ensuring that the reader retain Barkers most important moral. Heller’s Catch-22 is drawn from his own experiences during WWII; in 1942 he joined the Army Air Forces to become an officer and bombardier, much of what he saw is reflective in the novel and much of his consequential views are also present. Heller completed his sixty missions and was awarded an Air Medal as well as a Presidential Unit Citation with his honourable discharge. ‘Honour’ and integrity feature heavily in Catch-22, as Heller reflects on the psychological and moral process upon those impacted by war. It is not as easy for those in Catch-22 to leave their service as it had been for Heller, particularly for Yossarian. Yossarian struggles throughout the novel to rid himself of his duties to his country and is finally presented an opportunity by Colonel Korn. Yossarian has refused to fly any more missions and the Officers are worried that others will follow his example, but if they send him home it will look like a reward. So Colonel Korn proposes that Yossarian be made a Major and sent home as a hero, (provided that Yossarian tells the other men how wonderful he generals are), or they will court-martial him. Yossarian initially thinks that it’s ‘a pretty scummy trick’, as it’s not really giving him any choice, to which Colonel Korn replies ‘Odious’. Here Yossarian is faced with a moral dilemma; in order to save himself he might ‘serve as an inspiration to them to fly more missions’. Yossarian caves,  deciding that the others can stand up for themselves and agrees to the deal. Upon leaving his new ‘pals’ he is promptly attacked by Natley’s whore, who some critics have suggested embodies Yossarian’s conscience and symbolises an attack of guilt. During Yossarian’s stay at the hospital (as a result of the attack), he is able to reflect on the deal and who his real ‘pals’ are. Yossarian’s moral conflict results in him realising that he can’t go through with the deal because it would be at the expense of the other men. He tells Major Danby ‘I’m breaking the agreement’, Danby is horrified but Yossarian turns the tables on him asking how he can work with people like Cathcart and Korn, to which Danby replies ‘because it’s my duty’. Here Heller uses the idea that war results in conflicting moral obligations much the same as Barker does, Danby must help those that misuse power as they rank above him and it is his ‘duty’. Yossarian then discovers the missing pilot Orr actually escaped, Yossarian feels liberated as now he knows how he can leave without causing harm to his fellow soldiers and can help the young girl. When Danby protested saying; ‘your conscience will never let you rest’. Yossarian laughed and replied ‘I wouldn’t want to live without strong misgivings’. Heller intended the reader to see that war is immoral and we should be ruled by our conscience. This is emphasised at the very end where Nately’s whore (a symbol of his conscience) tries to kill him again, but this time she misses as Yossarian has done the right thing. He finally resolves the struggle of his conscience. Within FUTILITY Owen question’s why creation is destroyed with no seeming purpose, in particular the creation of man. Owen questions the destruction of life in order to show how precious it is, yet in war we not only intend to kill our ‘enemies’ but sentence our own soldiers too. Owen hoped to show the moral implications of war and it’s psychological impact on the soldiers. He uses the sun as a symbol of creation, as it ‘wakes the seeds’ and gives life to the earth. But although so much has gone into making man, ‘so dear achieved’, in the end the ‘fatuous’ sunbeams are powerless. Here Owen sets natures power to create life against the futility of extinction. There is a sense of ambiguity in the last line as the poem comes to nothing; this is reflective of the fact that there is no reconciliation for the miracle of creation being laid to waste. Which is mirrored in the first stanza where  the ‘fields unsown’ is used both as a literal example of the life that the dead will never go back to, as well as a metaphor for the tragedy of life left unfulfilled. The last line can also be linked to Owens poem EXPOSURE, as that too comes to nothing ‘but nothing happens’, giving no relief to the soldiers. The tone of FUTILITY is made peaceful through use of natural imagery and soft words such as ‘gently’. The diction is simple and used together with one syllable words shows the deep felt mood, creating a factualness through it’s simplicity. Yet it is mournful and has a sinister undertone, the endless sleep is a referral to death and the continual questioning in stanza two creates a sense of despair. Owen is quick to avoid smoothness by shortening the first and last line of each stanza. He further disturbs the natural rhythm through pararhyme; ‘sun-sown’, ‘once-France’ etc. Pararhyme has been commented to be a favourite among Owen’s techniques; it is particularly apt to describe war due to it producing an effect of dissonance and failure. Pat Barker, Wilfred Owen and Joseph Heller each explore wars processes upon the individual, in particular the psychological and moral impact. The texts do not glorify war, but rather, show the un-sung horror and extent of its true reach. The act of war is forgotten, as the authors place the significance on society’s power a whole and the power of the individual, to prevent the reoccurrence or continuation of war.

Thursday, November 7, 2019

Beowulf Essays (384 words) - Beowulf, Geats, English-language Films

Beowulf Essays (384 words) - Beowulf, Geats, English-language Films Beowulf Mythical monsters with great powers that get killed by human men are a typical theme in Anglo-Saxon poetry. Beowulf is an Anglo-Saxon poem translated by Burton Raffel. Three Anglo-Saxon ideals that are portrayed in Beowulf are strength of warriors, boasting of brave deeds, and the belief in the super natural. First, one of the ideals exhibited in Beowulf is physical strength. In Beowulf, Beowulf , the hero from Geatland, exerts the most physical strength. Beowulf doesn't want to use a sword while fighting Grendel. During the fight, Grendel "?twisted in pain, And the bleeding sinews deep in his shoulder \Snapped, muscle and bone split \And broke."(467-470) as Beowulf pulls grendel's arm right out of it's socket. Another example of strength is when Grendel "?Tore it's iron fasteners with a touch?"(375) at Herot's gates. Finally, when Grendel goes into Herot and slashes and kills thirty men, it shows Grendel's great power. Also, there is a great amount of strength during the battle with Beowulf and Grendel's mother. Another ideal portrayed in Beowulf is the right to boast. When the poem talks about Hrothgar's building, that it "?reaches higher toward Heaven then anything \That had ever been known to the sons of men?"(6-7), shows Hrothgar's with his riches. Boasting about not needing to use a weapon, Beowulf values to kill Grendel with his bare hands. The biggest amount of boasting in the poem also came from Beowulf when he arrives at Herot. Telling Hrothgar how many monsters he has killed. Finally, the belief in the supernatural is another ideal in Beowulf. When Beowulf arrives he tells the stories about the sea monsters he fault. When he was done fighting with the sea monsters they were "Left floating lifeless in the sea."(279). There is also Grendel, the main monster in Beowulf, with claws and a bloodthirsty appetite. Last there was Grendel's mother, who comes to avenge of her son. She lives underwater. Grendel's mother kills Beowulf. As shown in my writing, three Anglo-Saxon ideals that are portrayed in Beowulf, are strength of warriors, boasting of brave deeds, and the belief in the super natural. These ideals are common in the majority of Anglo-Saxon writings. If you like crazy monsters and heroes then read some Anglo-Saxon poetry.

Tuesday, November 5, 2019

Press Releases A Blast from the Past

Press Releases A Blast from the Past Marketing and promotion – the bane of every writer. What works? What doesnt work? Over the past eight years, I have published several childrens and middle grade books. In 2010, blog tours and guest posts were the way to go. It was so much fun visiting and talking with new people through the blogs; especially when it was one of the characters from my book doing the talking. My imagination could go wild! That does not work anymore, nor does offering free copies, or hosting a book release event on Facebook. Only one thing has remained consistently effective through the ever-changing times – press releases. The Test of Time Press releases are a relic from the past, a dinosaur in the new digital age. They were a great means of free advertising in days gone For example, my husband and I submitted press releases to the local newspapers prior to a book signing event. More visitors attended that event than any of our previous signings. We were amazed at the number of people who commented, I saw it in the paper and thought Id drop Another bonus: Our community newspaper asked for an interview. When you live in a small town, being a published writer is big news! It may take a little extra finesse to get a write-up in a larger paper, but it can be done. Consider the topic being more than about the books release, and instead more about the impact of the book, a strange intriguing fact about how the book came about, how the book meets an urgent need, how a famous/semi-famous person reviewed your book and what they thought. In other words, the book isnt the newssomething else amazing related to the book is. Hope Clark, for instance, used the fact she met her federal agent husband over a bribery investigation, which led to the first book in her Carolina Slade Mystery Series. She landed a feature in a local magazine and a podcast interview. Target Your Audience The secret to making a press release work is to target your audience. Do you have a new release? Have you won any awards? Does your book highlight any specific region or profession? My husband writes historical fiction about the golden age of aviation. The setting for the story centers around the Hudson River Valley in NY. We emailed press releases to the newspapers in that region, as well as to aviation publications. During the following month, he had quite a few sales. Was it coincidence or did he gain some new readers through our use of good old-fashioned free publicity? Writing a Press Release Editors want the meat with a few potatoes on the side. In other words, your press release should be short, sweet, and to the point. First and foremost, the headline is the eye-catcher and needs to grab the readers attention. Youre a writer and understand the need for a hook. The meat (two to three short paragraphs) needs to briefly describe what the book is about, how it relates to the reader or geographical area, along with interesting facts about the book and author. A quote or two goes a long way. Go quirky, unique, and outside the box. The closing paragraph is the call to action and should have the authors contact information, website, and where to purchase the book. You can also include a small jpg of the cover. Mention any discounts or limited time offers. It goes without saying; the press release is a reflection of you as an author and should be grammatically correct with no misspelled words. Getting the News Out There Sending out the press release used to be a time-consuming process. First you had to determine who to send it to and write to each of your targets. Thanks to press release distribution sites, the work load is now dramatically reduced. https://www.1888pressrelease.com/ https://pressexposure.com/ https://www.newswire.com/ free-press-release.com/ These sites will send your news out far and wide, but you may still want to hand pick a few newspapers and periodicals on your own as specific targets since emails are so easily deleted. No matter how you do it, you will find press releases are still an effective marketing tool, and well worth the time and effort.

Sunday, November 3, 2019

The nature of leadership Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The nature of leadership - Dissertation Example The optimism character and the confidence help to attain goals for the leader and develop the skills and expertise in his behaviour. The leader need to understand the attribution of the followers and motivate them and allocate resources to accomplish a goal by designing formal structures and systems. Mutual involvement and with trust and co-operation with the members are an essential element the leader should take care of to support the values of the fellow members. Without followers there are no leaders. What is known about followers? The followers are the makers of the leader. Leaders influence a group but it’s the followers who help to reach the goal through their skills and efforts. The training and development attribute along with the vision of the leader clubbed with the followers’ skills completes the causal chain of effect. Figure 1: Causal Chain of effects from two types of leaders’ behaviour (Source: Yukl, 2007, p. 27) The leaders enhance the skills and confidence of the people and attract them to follow in his own ideologies. The followers are needed to be trustworthy towards the leader and should be committed towards the work assigned to them. The people working under should be satisfied with their job and with the leader for an efficient implication of the assigned task in accordance with environment and external dependencies. Reference Yukl, G.

Friday, November 1, 2019

Arabic students overseas Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Arabic students overseas - Essay Example Indeed, the aforementioned countries have become the melting pot of cultures because of the lifestyle they offer which most people desire to have. For students, studying in one of these countries would mean better job opportunities either in the country of their choice or their own country. Nevertheless, along with the dream of pursuing one’s education in America or the United Kingdom are the challenges which could be truly difficult especially for Arabian students. The problems of communicating in English, having numerous written assignments, meeting new people, cultural differences, food preferences and homesickness are common among international students but there are solutions that could possibly help students to cope with their new environments. The first challenge that Arabian students face is communication barrier. Since English is not their native language, grammar mistakes, word use and sentence constructions which may come so easy with American and British students can prove to be a difficult job for an Arabian student. Struggling to speak in the English language oftentimes makes students ashamed or afraid to speak up their thoughts. In school, they may have difficulty explaining what they have in mind. During recitations, they may have wonderful ideas but their lack of English communication skills makes them incomprehensible and sometimes, they can be misinterpreted. In addition, they can also find it challenging to approach school authorities regarding their concerns because they may fear that their issues will not be resolved and that they will be exposed to humiliating circumstances. In communicating with their fellow students, the Arabian students may feel intimidated and therefore choose to keep to themselves ins tead and try to understand their lessons or other things on their own. However, of course, this often results to misunderstanding and further problems. Aside from having problems being understood, there is also the problem of